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2012年小學英語教師招聘考試詞法備考資料:形容詞和副詞(2)

時間:2012-9-26 14:23:30 點擊:

  核心提示:2012年小學英語教師招聘考試詞法備考資料:形容詞和副詞...
1. 指示代詞,定冠詞 2. 數(shù)量詞 3. 性質詞 4. 大小 5. 形狀 6. 老少,新舊 7. 顏色 8. 材料

但要注意的是英語的習慣是一個名詞前的形容詞一般不要多于三個。

如: What a pretty little white horse!

Those first few short English stories were not difficult to understand.

[誤] The best way to learn English good is to speak with Englishman every day.

[正] The best way to learn English well is to speak with Englishman every day.

[析] good是形容詞,這里是修飾動詞speak的,所以應用副詞well,但well作形容詞講時只作身體好。如:He is well.(他身體很好)。He is good.(他是個好人)。

[誤] The children play on the grass nappyly.

[正] The children play on the grass happily

[析] 多音節(jié)y結尾的形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~時應將y變?yōu)閕再加ly.

[誤] The teacher looked angry at the students.

[正] The teacher looked angrily at the students.

[析] 英語中感觀動詞后面要接形容詞,這時它是修飾主語的,如:The food smells good.食物聞起來很香。The teacher looked angry 老師看起來很生氣。 而此句的意思為:"老師生氣地看著學生",所以應用副詞形式。

[誤] He worked with me friendly.

[正] He was friendly to me.

[析] 不是所有結尾是ly的詞都是副詞,但friendly是形容詞,這樣的詞還有l(wèi)ovely, lonely, costly, lively…monthly weekly…但其中有些詞既是副詞,又是形容詞,如:early, hourly, monthly…

[誤] You can speak free in front of your friends.

[正] You can speak freely in front of your friends.

[析] free作為形容詞意為"自由的,有空閑的,免費的".作為副詞講則是"免費"之意。而freely作為副詞則是"自由的,隨便的".這些要注意的詞還 有: hard 努力,艱苦 hardly 幾乎不 late 遲,晚 lately 最近的,最新的 near 近 nearly 幾乎 like 像 likely 幾乎

[誤] They must have arrived till now.

[正] They must have arrived by now.

[析] by now是用于表達到目前為止某一動作已經發(fā)生,所以應用瞬間動詞。而till now是強調某一動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,所以一定要用持續(xù)性動詞。 must have+過去分詞是對過去某一事情所作的肯定推測。

[誤] Someone called you right now.

[正] Someone called you just now.

[析] just now有兩個意思,其一是"剛才",其二是"現(xiàn)在",而right now只能用于現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。just則用于完成時態(tài),如: I have just finished my homework.

[誤] My father will be back from America at present.

[正] My father will be back from America presently.

[析] presently有兩個意思:其一是最近,不久,其二在美語中是現(xiàn)在之意,與at present相同。而for the present為暫時,如: I teach English in the school for the present.

[誤] I'll be back at the moment.

[正] I'll be back in a moment.

[析] at the moment 其意為"現(xiàn)在,當時",而in a moment意為"馬上過一會",與in a minute意思相近。

[誤] The train from Shanghai will arrive here in time.

[正] The train from Shanghai will arrive here on time.

[析] on time為"準時",而in time有兩個含意。其一是"及時",如:The doctor arrived in time.其二是"將來,終究".

[誤] I met an old friend sometimes last month.

[正] I met an old friend sometime last month.

[析] Sometime 過去,或者將來某時。 Sometimes 有時

如: Sometimes I go to school by bus.Some time 一些時間

如: I need sometime to do my homework. Some times 幾次

如: I went to Shanghai sometimes this month.

at times 有時,偶爾

at all times 經常

some other time 改天

[誤] I had met an old friend three days ago.

[正] I had met an old friend three days before.

[正] I met an old friend three days ago.

* ago 用在時間狀語中時,主句中謂語動詞一般用過去時,而before用于時間狀語時則主句的謂語動詞宜用完成時態(tài)。

[誤] He studied very hard. and at the end he passed the exam.

[正] He studied very hard, and in the end he passed the exam.

[析] in the end=at last 意為"最終,終于",表達經過若干努力而達到的結果。而at the end是在某事的結束時如何如何,如:At the end of class, the teacher gave us some story books.

[誤] I will come here to help you each three days.

[正] I will come here to help you every three days.

[析] every three days 為"每三天",即每隔二天,而every other day為每隔一天。

[誤] He didn't go to the cinema yesterday. and I didn't go, too.

[正] He didn't go to the cinema yesterday and I didn't go either.

[析] 英語中表示"也",有4個字,also, as well, too, either,但either用于否定句中,而前3個用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too與as well一般要用在句尾,而also則可用于句中。如:She went to the party and her boy friend went there too. 又如: I've also read her other novels.

[誤] We should help the poor girl in anyway.

[正] We should help the poor girl in any way.

[析] anyway為"不管怎么"講,"無論如何",如:What a terrible accident, anyway no one was hurt.

any way 為"任何方式".這種常見的錯誤還發(fā)生在以下幾組詞中,如:

everyday 日常的 every day 每天

faraway 遙遠的 far away 遠離

altogether 總計 all together 一塊,大家一起

already 已經 all ready 全準備好了

[誤] You can come to the doctor's at anytime.

[正] You can come to the doctor's at any time.

[析] anytime 是副詞 而any time中的time是名詞。

[誤] She said nearly nothing.

[正] She said almost nothing.

[析] nearly 與 almost的含意相近,在很多場合可以互換,但在否定詞前用almost.

[誤] There are too much mistakes in your homework.

[正] There are too many mistakes in your homework.

[析] too much 后接不可數(shù)名詞,如:There is too much water for the flowers. 而too many 后加可數(shù)名詞,much too 后面加形容詞,如:It is much too difficult to learn English well.

[誤] It is late enough that we can go home now.

[正] It is late enough for us to go home now.

[析] 要注意的是enough后面一般不接從句而接不定式,或不定式的復合結構:for somebody to do something.

[誤] The twins are very alike.

[正] The twins are much alike.

[析] 用a為首字母的形容詞不能用very修飾,一般要用much來修飾。

[誤] - How long does he write to his parents?

- Once a week.

[正] - How often does he write to his parents?

- Once a week.

[析] 英文與中文表達法不同,隔多長時間辦一次某事,實際上問的是該事發(fā)生的頻率,所以要用how often.

[誤] As soon as I arrive in New York, I'll call up you.

[正] As soon as I arrive in New York, I'll call you up.

[析] 當動詞詞組的賓語是人稱代詞時則一定要放于動詞之后,如果是名詞則可以放在詞組其后。 如:I want to watch TV. Please turn on the TV. 也可以講: Please turn the TV on.

[誤] He drove quickly his new car.

[正] He drove his new car quickly.

[析] 副詞在句中的位置很活,但主要有以下幾種用法:①實意動詞之前,如:He quickly give me the answer. ② 在be動詞之后,如:The little boy is often late for class. ③ 第一助動詞之后,如:This book has almost been finished. ④ 在單獨使用的be動詞和助動詞之前,如: Can you help me this afternoon? I certainly can. 但是無論如何也不能將副詞置于動詞與賓語之間,如果是賓語從句或是很長的名詞

詞組作賓語則才可以這樣用:

He heard clearly what the teacher said.

[誤] The children came late yesterday to the cinema.

[正] The children came late to the cinema yesterday.

[析] 表示一定長度的時間的副詞不應放于句中,可放于句尾。如果表示強調則可放于句首。

作者:不詳 來源:網絡
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